Yaƙin da aka yi a Ukraine ya sami sabon salo a nesa da fagen daga: rumbunan ajiyar kayayyaki na Wildberries, babban kamfanin kasuwanci ta yanar gizo na Rasha. Tun daga tsakiyar watan Yuli, hare-haren jiragen sama marasa matuki sun afkawa cibiyoyin jigilar kayayyaki na wannan kamfani, wanda aka sani da 'Amazon na Rasha,' wanda ya haifar da asarar miliyoyin daloli tare da jefa tattalin arzikin dijital na ƙasar cikin haɗari.
Abin da ya fara a matsayin wani aiki na lokaci ɗaya ya zama wani shiri na tsari. A cikin makonni biyu kacal, an kai hari kan cibiyoyin rarrabawa sama da goma sha biyu, wanda ya haifar da mutuwar mutane da dama da kuma raunuka da dama. Hukumomin Ukraine sun ba da hujjar cewa waɗannan hare-haren bama-bamai wani ɓangare ne na dabarunsu na raunana na'urar sojojin Rasha, amma sakamakon ya wuce haka.
Kamfe na hare-hare da ba a taɓa gani ba
An fara kai hare-haren ne a ranar 18 ga Yuli a Elektrostal, kusa da Moscow, inda aka lalata wani babban rukunin kayan aiki mai fadin murabba'in mita 250.000 gaba daya. Wannan cibiyar tana da matukar muhimmanci wajen samar da babban birnin da kuma jigilar kayayyaki daga China . Tun daga lokacin, jiragen sama marasa matuka na Ukraine sun kai hari kan rumbunan ajiya a Samara, Volodymyr, Yekaterinburg, Penza, da St. Petersburg, da sauran birane.
A cewar bayanai da kafofin watsa labarai daban-daban suka tattara, sararin da aka lalata ya riga ya wuce murabba'in mita miliyan 1.5 , wanda ke wakiltar kusan kashi ɗaya bisa biyar na jimillar ƙarfin ajiyar Wildberries. Kamfanin, wanda ke da iko da kusan kashi 45% na kasuwancin e-commerce na Rasha, ya ga rugujewar hanyar sadarwar rarrabawa cikin 'yan kwanaki.
Ba wai kawai tasirin ya shafi kayayyakin more rayuwa ba ne. Dubban ƙananan 'yan kasuwa waɗanda suka yi amfani da waɗannan rumbunan ajiya don adana kayayyakinsu sun yi asarar kayayyaki na miliyoyin Yuro . Da yawa daga cikinsu yanzu suna fuskantar fatara, yayin da Wildberries ta ayyana hare-haren jiragen sama marasa matuƙa a matsayin 'ƙarfin majeure' kuma ba ta ɗaukar alhakin komai ba.
Tasirin tattalin arziki da zamantakewa
Asarar tattalin arziki tana da yawa. An kiyasta sake gina rumbunan ajiyar da suka lalace zai ci akalla ruble biliyan 60.000 (kimanin yuro miliyan 650) , adadi daidai da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na ribar kamfanin a kowace shekara. Amma lalacewar jinginar ta fi girma: kasuwancin da abin ya shafa za su iya asarar har zuwa ruble biliyan 300.000 (fiye da yuro biliyan 3.000) a cikin kayayyakin da ba su da inshora.
Wannan lamari ya sanya tsarin bankunan Rasha cikin shirin ko-ta-kwana. Wildberries ya tara bashi mai yawa tare da cibiyoyi kamar VTB, Sberbank, da Alfa-Bank , kuma rugujewar kamfanin na iya haifar da rikicin kuɗi. Gwamnatin Vladimir Putin na tunanin ceto, amma duk wani tallafi na gwamnati zai zama babban koma-baya ga asusun gwamnati, wanda ya riga ya ƙare sakamakon yaƙin sama da shekaru huɗu.
A halin yanzu, masu sayayya a Rasha sun fara jin tasirin hakan. Jinkirin isar da kayayyaki da ɓacewar kayayyaki daga dandamalin suna ƙara zama ruwan dare , kuma wasu masu sharhi sun yi gargaɗin cewa tattalin arzikin dijital na Rasha, wanda ya dogara sosai da waɗannan kasuwannin, zai iya fuskantar lalacewa mai ɗorewa.
Halaltaccen manufa ko laifin yaƙi?
Yaƙin neman zaɓen Ukraine ya sake buɗe muhawara game da halalcin kai hari kan kayayyakin more rayuwa na farar hula. Shugaba Volodymyr Zelensky ya dage cewa rumbunan ajiyar kayan tarihi na Wildberries suna ba wa sojojin Rasha kayayyakin jiragen sama marasa matuƙa da kayan aikin soja , wani abu da Kremlin ya musanta. Duk da haka, har zuwa kwanan nan, dandamalin yana da wani sashe mai suna "Komai don Ayyukan Soja na Musamman," inda ake sayar da kwalkwali, rigunan da ba su da harsashi, da sauran kayayyakin soja.
Masana harkokin shari'a na duniya sun rabu biyu. Wasu suna jayayya cewa, a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Geneva, waɗannan rumbunan ajiya ba wuraren da sojoji ke kai hari ba ne kuma lalata su ya zama laifin yaƙi , musamman idan aka yi la'akari da asarar rayukan fararen hula da suka yi. Wasu kuma suna jayayya cewa, ta hanyar ba da gudummawa ga ƙoƙarin yaƙin Rasha, suna zama halaltattun wuraren hari. Gaskiyar magana ita ce, fararen hula suna biyan babban farashi.
Wildberries da kanta ta mayar da martani ta wata hanya mai ban mamaki: ta ƙaddamar da inshorar da ke rufe umarni kan hare-haren jiragen sama marasa matuƙa, hare-haren ta'addanci, da ɓarna . Farashin kayayyaki ya ƙaru sosai, kuma kamfanin ya yarda cewa lamarin ba zai dore ba. A wannan Juma'a, wani sabon hari a Yekaterinburg ya haifar da gobara a ɗaya daga cikin cibiyoyin jigilar kayayyaki, wanda ke nuna cewa lokacin girbi bai ƙare ba.
A takaice dai, hare-haren da aka kai wa rumbunan ajiyar kayan tarihi na Wildberries sun zama takobi mai kaifi biyu. A gefe guda, suna raunana tattalin arzikin Rasha kuma suna shafar kwarin gwiwar jama'a, amma a gefe guda kuma, suna haifar da babbar wahala tsakanin ƙananan masu kasuwanci da ma'aikata waɗanda ba su da alaƙa da yaƙin. Al'ummar duniya suna kallo da damuwa yayin da wani kamfani mai zaman kansa ya zama abin hari ga sojoji, yayin da Rasha ke ƙoƙarin hana rugujewar ɗaya daga cikin ginshiƙanta na tattalin arziki. Abin da ya bayyana a fili shi ne cewa wannan sabuwar dabarar yaƙi ta haɗaka ta riga ta daɗe, kuma za a ji sakamakonta na dogon lokaci.